Encephalomyelitis associated with antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein

Encephalomyelitis associated with antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a rare inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
Purpose: to review domestic and foreign works examining the issues of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture and differential diagnosis of demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system; to present a clinical case of a patient with encephalomyelitis associated with antibodies to MOG.
Results. The article describes the disease in a 24-year-old female patient with a primary diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Given the activity of the process and the ineffectiveness of the therapy, 5 years after the onset of the disease, antibodies to GOM were examined in the patient’s blood and found, a diagnosis of encephalomyelitis associated with antibodies to GOM was established, and therapy with rituximab was prescribed according to the scheme. Positive dynamics in the form of persistent remission of the disease was noted. The most important element of accurate diagnostics of GOM-IgG-associated diseases is the detection of pathogenic serum antibodies to GOM using specific and sensitive methods, preferably using optimized cellular analysis. Neuroimaging helps to conduct differential diagnostics with other neuroinflammatory diseases.
Conclusion. MOG-demyelinating diseases are a pressing problem in modern neurology, requiring further study and development of effective diagnostic and treatment methods.

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