r-n-jРоссийский неврологический журналRussian neurological journal2658-79472686-7192МИА10.30629/2658-7947-2024-29-6-51-55r-n-j-638Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯCLINICAL RESEARCHES AND CASE REPORTSЭнцефаломиелит, ассоциированный с антителами к гликопротеину олигодендроцитарного миелинаEncephalomyelitis associated with antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoproteinhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4084-3307РаевскаяА. И.RaevskayaA. I.

Ставрополь

Stavropol

nastya_raevskaya96@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-9706-6223ГерюшенкоМ. Е.GeryushenkoM. E.

Ставрополь

Stavropol

mgeryushenko@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-9637-2291МеткаловаД. Д.MetkalovaD. D.

Ставрополь

Stavropol

metkalovaaa@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9187-8481ВышловаИ. А.VyshlovaI. A.

Ставрополь

Stavropol

irisha2801@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-6024КарповС. М.KarpovS. M.

Ставрополь

Stavropol

karpov25@rambler.ruСтавропольский государственный медицинский университетРоссияStavropol State Medical UniversityRussian Federation2024310120252965155Copyright © Раевская А.И., Герюшенко М.Е., Меткалова Д.Д., Вышлова И.А., Карпов С.М., 20252025Раевская А.И., Герюшенко М.Е., Меткалова Д.Д., Вышлова И.А., Карпов С.М.Raevskaya A.I., Geryushenko M.E., Metkalova D.D., Vyshlova I.A., Karpov S.M.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/638

Энцефаломиелит, ассоциированный с антителами к гликопротеину олигодендроцитарного миелина (ГОМ) (англ. myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)) — редкое воспалительное демиелинизирующее заболевание центральной нервной системы (ЦНС).Материал и методы. Проведен обзор литературных источников на русском и английском языках за период 2014–2024 гг., использованы базы данных РИНЦ, PubMed. Представлен клинический случай пациентки с энцефаломиелитом, ассоциированным с антителами к ГОМ.Результаты. Приводится описание заболевания у 24-летней пациентки с первично установленным диагнозом «рассеянный склероз». Учитывая активность процесса и неэффективность проводимой терапии, через 5 лет от дебюта заболевания в крови пациентки были исследованы и обнаружены антитела к ГОМ, установлен диагноз — энцефаломиелит, ассоциированный с антителами к ГОМ, назначена терапия — ритуксимабом по схеме. Отмечена положительная динамика в виде стойкой ремиссии заболевания. Важнейшим элементом точной диагностики ГОМ-IgG-ассоциированных заболеваний является выявление патогенных сывороточных антител посредством специфических и чувствительных методов, предпочтительно с помощью оптимизированного клеточного анализа. Нейровизуализация помогает провести дифференциальную диагностику с другими нейровоспалительными заболеваниями.Заключение. ГОМ-демиелинизирующие заболевания представляют собой актуальную проблему современной неврологии, требующую дальнейшего изучения и разработки эффективных методов диагностики и лечения.

Encephalomyelitis associated with antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a rare inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.Purpose: to review domestic and foreign works examining the issues of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture and differential diagnosis of demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system; to present a clinical case of a patient with encephalomyelitis associated with antibodies to MOG.Results. The article describes the disease in a 24-year-old female patient with a primary diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Given the activity of the process and the ineffectiveness of the therapy, 5 years after the onset of the disease, antibodies to GOM were examined in the patient’s blood and found, a diagnosis of encephalomyelitis associated with antibodies to GOM was established, and therapy with rituximab was prescribed according to the scheme. Positive dynamics in the form of persistent remission of the disease was noted. The most important element of accurate diagnostics of GOM-IgG-associated diseases is the detection of pathogenic serum antibodies to GOM using specific and sensitive methods, preferably using optimized cellular analysis. Neuroimaging helps to conduct differential diagnostics with other neuroinflammatory diseases.Conclusion. MOG-demyelinating diseases are a pressing problem in modern neurology, requiring further study and development of effective diagnostic and treatment methods.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.