Цервикальная диссекция в экстренной неврологии: алгоритмы диагностики и лечения
https://doi.org/10.30629/2658-7947-2022-27-4-86-96
Аннотация
Обсуждается эпидемиология цервикальной диссекции (ЦД), которая часто не устанавливается как причина ишемического инсульта и транзиторной ишемической атаки (ТИА). Рассмотрены патоморфология и патогенез ЦД, ключевой особенностью которых является развитие интрамуральной гематомы, а также предрасполагающие состояния, триггеры и ассоциированные клинические состояния, в частности мигрень. Представлена клиническая картина заболевания в виде локальных симптомов (головная и/или шейная боль, синдром Горнера, поражение каудальной группы черепных нервов, шейный корешковый синдром, пульсирующий тиннитус) и острых ишемических событий (ишемический инсульт или ТИА). Отражены современные подходы к экстренной нейро- и ангиовизуализации при ЦД, включая возможности КТ-ангиографии (прямые и косвенные признаки) и МРТ fat sat (симптом «полумесяца»). Представлены диагностические критерии. Обсуждены вопросы реперфузионной терапии при ЦД — внутривенного тромболизиса, тромбэктомии и стентирования. Анализируются течение заболевания и современные возможности вторичной антитромботической профилактики, включая эффективность и безопасность антитромбоцитарных препаратов и антикоагулянтов.
Об авторах
А. А. КулешРоссия
Пермь
Д. А. Демин
Россия
Астрахань
О. И. Виноградов
Россия
Москва
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Кулеш А.А., Демин Д.А., Виноградов О.И. Цервикальная диссекция в экстренной неврологии: алгоритмы диагностики и лечения. Российский неврологический журнал. 2022;27(4):86-96. https://doi.org/10.30629/2658-7947-2022-27-4-86-96
For citation:
Kulesh A.A., Demin D.A., Vinogradov O.I. Cervical dissection in emergency neurology: diagnostic and treatment algorithms. Russian neurological journal. 2022;27(4):86-96. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30629/2658-7947-2022-27-4-86-96