Impact of affective and cognitive impairments on quality of life in patients with early stages of Parkinson’s disease

Introduction. Affective and cognitive disorders are characteristic manifestations of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The clinical assessment of this disorder in PD is assessed as a negative assessment of the quality of life (QoL) of patients. Issues related to motor, affective, cognitive communities with various aspects of QoL at the stage of PD require mandatory.
Aim: to evaluate the associations between motor, affective, cognitive impairments and QoL indicators in patients in the early stages of PD.
Results. Significant relationships were found between the motor aspects of QOL and affective and cognitive impairments: between the total assessment of AFLD, assessments of mobility/everyday activity of QoL and SSOBP (r = 0.45–0.49, p < 0.05), depression (r = 0.77, p < 0.05), apathy (r = 0.42, p < 0.05), trait anxiety (TA, r = 0.58, p < 0.05), visuospatial functions SCOPA (r = –0,34, p < 0.05), Stroop test 3 (r = 0.33, p < 0.05).
There was a relationship between self-assessment of emotional well-being of QoL and affective, cognitive impairments: depression, TA (r = 0.73, 0.77, p < 0.05), state anxiety (SA), apathy (r = 0.52, r = 0.56, p < 0.05); SCOPA (r = –0.27, p < 0.05), interference index, Stroop test (r = 0.29, p < 0.05), 1 part TMT test (r = 0.31, p < 0.05). A relationship was found between self-assessment of social life and motor, affective disorders: SSOS (r = 0.38, p < 0.05), SA (r = 0.43, p < 0.05), depression (r = 0.48, p < 0.05), apathy (r = 0.57, p < 0.05).
Conclusion. The significant role of depression, anxiety, apathy, cognitive impairments in self-assessment of motor disorders, decreased daily activity, deterioration of emotional and social aspects of QoL already in the early stages of PD justifies the need for diagnosis and treatment of these disorders in each patient. Taking into account the mutual influence of motor, affective and cognitive disorders, complex rehabilitation is required to improve the quality of life of patients.

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