Recovery of cognitive functions and self-service in patients with rupture of cerebral aneurysms

There is no unified management of patients with the consequences of subarachnoid hemorrhage in the long term.

Purpose of the study. To study the nature and severity of SAH, the clinical manifestation of hemorrhage, the choice of the intervention technique in the acute period of the disease for the long-term results of the treatment of aneurysms.

Materials and methods. In the long-term period, at an average time of 3.5 years after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, 100 patients were examined who underwent microsurgical intervention (n = 48), endovascular exclusion of the aneurysm from the bloodstream (n = 14), simultaneous intervention, including microsurgical intervention and extra-intracranial vascular bypass (n = 23), as well as microsurgical intervention followed by the introduction of a fibrinolytic agent into the subarachnoid space (n = 15).

Results. Risk factors for unfavorable clinical recovery of patients, as well as the development of cognitive and mental disorders, were: intracerebral hematoma, dislocation syndrome, duration of temporary clipping more than 7 minutes, the volume of intraoperative blood loss of more than 300 ml. The best functional recovery in the long-term period was noted in patients who underwent microsurgical clipping of the aneurysm, supplemented by surgical revascularization (p = 0.003).

Conclusion. The results of our study demonstrated the persistence of the consequences of surgical intervention for the rupture of cerebral aneurysms for a long time, which necessitates long-term observation of patients, the development of individual programs of physical and psychological rehabilitation, and clinical examination of persons at high risk.

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