Вестибулярное головокружение в неотложной неврологии

В лекции рассматриваются подходы к дифференциальной диагностике причин головокружения в неотложной неврологии. Рассмотрены основные причины эпизодического и острого вестибулярного синдрома. Обсуждены клинические методы диагностики при остром вестибулярном синдроме — оценка нистагма, косой девиации, импульсного теста поворота головы и неврологического статуса. Изложены клинические признаки «доброкачественного» острого вестибулярного синдрома и симптомы, указывающие на инсульт в вертебробазилярной системе. Приведены дифференциально диагностические критерии периферического и центрального вестибулярного расстройства. Рассмотрены изолированное сосудистое головокружение, особенности отоневрологического статуса при вестибулярном нейроните и различной локализации очага инфаркта головного мозга. Обсуждаются ошибки в диагностике причин головокружения.

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