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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">r-n-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский неврологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian neurological journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-7947</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7192</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МИА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2658-7947-2026-31-1-31-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">r-n-j-806</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL RESEARCHES AND CASE REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная клиническая характеристика пациентов с вертебрально-базилярным инсультом и его имитаторами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative clinical characteristics of patients with vertebrobasilar stroke and its mimics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4680-3250</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еремина</surname><given-names>Ю. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremina</surname><given-names>Yu. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Красноярск;</p><p>Пермь.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnoyarsk;</p><p>Perm.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ereminajuliya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6061-8118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулеш</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulesh</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пермь.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Perm.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleksey.kulesh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5603-6318</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хало</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Halo</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Красноярск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnoyarsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">halo_natalya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Красноярская межрайонная клиническая больница № 20 имени И.С. Берзона; Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е.А. Вагнера</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krasnoyarsk Interdistrict Clinical Hospital №20 named after I.S. Berzon; E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е.А. Вагнера; Городская клиническая больница № 4</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University; City Clinical Hospital №4</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Красноярская межрайонная клиническая больница № 20 имени И.С. Берзона</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krasnoyarsk Interdistrict Clinical Hospital №20 named after I.S. Berzon</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Еремина Ю.О., Кулеш А.А., Хало Н.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Еремина Ю.О., Кулеш А.А., Хало Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eremina Y.O., Kulesh A.A., Halo N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/806">https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/806</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Острое головокружение — частая причина обращения за неотложной медицинской помощью, требующая дифференциальной диагностики между вертебрально-базилярным инсультом (ВБИ) и доброкачественными периферическими вестибулопатиями.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: провести сравнительный клинический анализ пациентов с подтвержденным ВБИ и заболеваниями, имитирующими его в дебюте.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В одноцентровое ретроспективное исследование (2024–2025 гг.) включено 140 пациентов, разделенных на две группы: пациенты с нейровизуализационно подтвержденным ВБИ (n = 84) и пациенты (n = 56) с «имитаторами» (вестибулярный неврит — 38%, доброкачественное пароксизмальное позиционное головокружение — 36%, другие периферические вестибулопатии — 26%). Всем пациентам проведены неврологический осмотр, нейровизуализация (КТ/МРТ) и КТ-ангиография.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Клиническая картина в группах наблюдения различалась: для «имитаторов» характерно изолированное вращательное головокружение в сочетании с тошнотой или рвотой; для ВБИ — комбинация туловищной атаксии и дизартрии. Очаг инфаркта при первичной КТ обнаружен у 21,4% пациентов с ВБИ, при динамическом исследовании (в первые 3 суток) — еще у 62% пациентов. Реперфузионную терапию получили 33% пациентов с ВБИ и 11% с имитаторами инсульта. Изолированный острый вестибулярный синдром как проявление ВБИ выявлен у 14% пациентов. Пациенты с центральным и периферическим головокружением не различались по профилю сердечно-сосудистого риска.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Каждый третий случай с подозрением на ВБИ является его имитацией. Низкая диагностическая ценность первичной КТ требует обязательного динамического нейровизуализационного контроля. Значительная частота проведения тромболизиса среди пациентов с имитаторами инсульта указывает на необходимость внедрения стандартизированных клинических алгоритмов на этапе первичного осмотра для повышения точности диагностики и оптимизации лечения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Acute dizziness is a common reason for emergency department visits, necessitating rapid differential diagnosis between vertebrobasilar stroke (VBS) and benign peripheral vestibulopathies.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to conduct a comparative clinical analysis of patients with confirmed VBS and conditions mimicking its onset (stroke mimics).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. This single-center retrospective study (2024–2025) included 140 patients divided into two groups: Group 1 comprised patients (n = 84) with neuroimaging-confirmed VBS; Group 2 consisted of patients (n = 56) with stroke mimics (vestibular neuritis — 38%, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo — 36%, other peripheral vestibulopathies — 26%). All patients underwent neurological examination, neuroimaging (CT/MRI), and CT angiography.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The clinical presentation differed between the groups. Stroke mimics were characterized by isolated vertigo, nausea/vomiting, whereas VBS was associated with a combination of truncal ataxia and dysarthria. A cerebral infarct focus was detected on initial CT in only 21.4% of VBS patients; however, follow-up imaging within the first 3 days revealed an additional 62%. Reperfusion therapy was administered to 33% of VBS patients and 11% of those with mimics. Isolated acute vestibular syndrome as a manifestation of VBS was identified in 14% of patients. The central and peripheral vertigo groups did not differ in cardiovascular risk profiles.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Every third case of suspected VBS is a stroke mimic. The low diagnostic yield of initial CT necessitates mandatory follow-up neuroimaging. The significant proportion of thrombolysis administered to patients with mimics underscores the need to implement standardized clinical algorithms at the initial assessment stage to improve diagnostic accuracy and optimize treatment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вертебрально-базилярный инсульт</kwd><kwd>головокружение</kwd><kwd>имитатор инсульта</kwd><kwd>клиническая картина</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная диагностика</kwd><kwd>реперфузионная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vertebrobasilar stroke</kwd><kwd>dizziness</kwd><kwd>stroke mimic</kwd><kwd>clinical presentation</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis</kwd><kwd>reperfusion therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Парфенов ВА, Кулеш АА, Демин ДА, Гусева АЛ, Виноградов ОИ. Вестибулярное головокружение при инсульте и вестибулярном нейроните. 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