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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">r-n-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский неврологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian neurological journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-7947</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7192</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МИА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2658-79472025-30-5-53-60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">r-n-j-760</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL RESEARCHES AND CASE REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анти-N-метил-D-аспартат-рецепторный энцефалит. Рецидивирующее течение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anti-N-METHYL-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis, recurrent course</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4163-1701</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шерматюк</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shermatyuk</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sherma1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-2863</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скулябин</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skulyabin</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5881-2242</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыган</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsygan</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5316-4832</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голохвастов</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golokhvastov</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1180-4683</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Постнов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Postnov</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7793-4544</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черненок</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernenok</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4607-1984</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3616-6574</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курасов</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurasov</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-3011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвиненко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">S.M. Kirov Military medical academy<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова Санкт-Петербург<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">S.M. Kirov Military medical academy<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шерматюк Е.И., Скулябин Д.И., Цыган Н.В., Голохвастов С.Ю., Постнов А.А., Черненок М.Г., Медведев В.А., Курасов Е.С., Литвиненко И.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шерматюк Е.И., Скулябин Д.И., Цыган Н.В., Голохвастов С.Ю., Постнов А.А., Черненок М.Г., Медведев В.А., Курасов Е.С., Литвиненко И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shermatyuk E.I., Skulyabin D.I., Tsygan N.V., Golokhvastov S.Y., Postnov A.D., Chernenok M.G., Medvedev V.A., Kurasov E.S., Litvinenko I.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/760">https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/760</self-uri><abstract><p>Анти-N-метил-D-аспартат-рецепторный энцефалит (анти-NMDAR-энцефалит) был впервые описан как иммуноопосредованное нарушение поведения и когнитивных функций у пациентов с тератомой яичников. В последующем был признан отдельным типом аутоиммунного энцефалита с характерной клинической картиной и возможностью развития в отсутствие данных об опухолевых образованиях. Течение может иметь как монофазный, так и рецидивирующий варианты, с периодами улучшения или стабилизации состояния и последующим прогрессированием заболевания. В статье представлено клиническое наблюдение пациента с рецидивом заболевания через 2 года. Диагноз анти-NMDAR-энцефалита был установлен на основании наличия у пациента антител к эпитопам NMDA-рецептора в ликворе как в дебюте заболевания, так и при рецидиве. По данным зарубежной литературы, частота встречаемости рецидивирующего варианта анти-NMDAR-энцефалита варьирует от 12% до 24% в зависимости от исследования, что вызывает дополнительную настороженность по отношению к пациентам с данным диагнозом и требует более углубленного изучения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDAR-encephalitis) was first described as an immune-mediated disorder of behavior and cognitive functions in patients with ovarian teratoma. Subsequently, it was recognized as a separate type of autoimmune encephalitis with a characteristic clinical picture and the possibility of development in the absence of data on tumor formations. The course can have both monophase and recurrent variants with periods of improvement or stabilization of the condition and subsequent progression of the disease. The article presents a clinical observation of a patient with a relapse of the disease 2 years later. The diagnosis of anti-NMDAR-encephalitis was established based on the presence of antibodies to NMDA receptor epitopes in the patient's cerebrospinal fluid, both at the onset of the disease and during the relapse. According to foreign literature, the incidence of recurrent anti-NMDAR-encephalitis varies from 12% to 24%, depending on the study, which requires additional monitoring of patients with this diagnosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анти-N-метил-D-аспартат-рецепторный энцефалит</kwd><kwd>анти-NMDAR-энцефалит</kwd><kwd>рецидив анти-NMDAR-энцефалита</kwd><kwd>аутоантитела</kwd><kwd>психотические симптомы</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессивная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis</kwd><kwd>anti-NMDAR-encephalitis</kwd><kwd>relapse of anti-NMDAR encephalitis</kwd><kwd>autoantibodies</kwd><kwd>ovarian teratoma</kwd><kwd>mental symptoms</kwd><kwd>immunosuppressive therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dalmau J. 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