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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">r-n-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский неврологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian neurological journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-7947</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7192</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МИА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2658-7947-2024-29-5-37-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">r-n-j-621</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL RESEARCHES AND CASE REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинические и иммунные маркеры возраст-зависимой церебральной микроангиопатии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and immune markers of age-dependent cerebral microangiopathy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1743-4713</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тынтерова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tynterova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antynterova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3804-3877</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранцевич</surname><given-names>Е. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barantsevich</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-6134</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шушарина</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shusharina</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8056-2019</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хоймов</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khoymov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7444-1736</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбачева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbacheva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal St.Petersburg State Medical University named after I.P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская больница № 2</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State budget health care organisation City Hospital No. 2</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тынтерова А.М., Баранцевич Е.Р., Шушарина Н.Н., Хоймов М.С., Горбачева А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тынтерова А.М., Баранцевич Е.Р., Шушарина Н.Н., Хоймов М.С., Горбачева А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tynterova A.M., Barantsevich E.R., Shusharina N.N., Khoymov M.S., Gorbacheva A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/621">https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/621</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования — изучить структуру когнитивных нарушений и иммунный статус пациентов с изменениями, соответствующими церебральной микроангиопатии (ЦМА).</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Обследовано 65 пациентов с МРТ — критериями ЦМА. В зависимости от степени гиперинтенсивности белого вещества (ГИБВ) в соответствии с визуальной шкалой Fazekas, пациенты были рандомизированы в 2 группы: 1-я группа — 40 пациентов с ГИБВ стадия Fazekas 2; 2-я группа — 25 пациентов с ГИБВ стадия Fazekas 3. Контрольную группу составили 24 пациента соответствующей возрастной категории без МРТ-признаков ЦМА. Когнитивные функции исследовались с использованием шкалы МоСА, дополнительных тестов для оценки памяти, управляющей функции, внимания, перцепции и праксиса. Лабораторная диагностика включала оценку концентраций интерлейкинов (ИЛ), моноцитарных хемоаттрактантных протеинов (Monocyte chemoattractant proteins, MCP-1/CCL2, MCP-2/CCL8, MCP-3/CCL-7, MCP-4/ CCL13), макрофагального белка воспаления (Macrophage inflammatory protein-1d, MIP-1d /CCL15), фактора ингибирования миелоидных предшественников (Myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor — 1, MPIF-1/CCL23) и фактора некроза опухоли — альфа (Tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNFα).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В сравнении с группой контроля, у пациентов 1-й и 2-й групп были выявлены более выраженные когнитивная дисфункция, лакунарное поражение, распространенность гипертонической болезни и ожирения, у пациентов 2-й группы — превалирование МРТ — признаков ЦМА, снижение перцепции, памяти и управляющих функций. Выявлено повышение ИЛ-16 у пациентов обеих групп; MCP-1/CCL2, MCP-2/CCL8, MIP-1d/ CCL15, ИЛ-6, ИЛ-1b и TNFα — во 2-й группе в сравнении с 1-й и контрольной группами.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Прогрессирование церебральной микроангиопатии, объективизированное данными МРТ, сопровождается нарастанием когнитивного дефицита преимущественно в мнестической и управляющей сферах. Результаты исследования позволяют рассматривать повышенную продукцию ИЛ-16 в качестве индикатора прогрессирования ЦМА, экспрессию ИЛ-1b, ИЛ-6, TNFα, MCP-1/CCL2, MCP-2/CCL8 и MIP-1d/CCL15 — в качестве биомаркеров атеро — и ангиогенеза у пациентов с выраженными проявлениями церебральной микроангиопатии. </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to investigate the pattern of cognitive impairment and immune status of patients with MRI changes corresponding to CMA.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. 65 patients with CMA according to the MRI criteria were examined. Depending on the degree of white matter hyperintensity (Fazekas scale), patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 — 40 patients with Fazekas stage 2; Group 2 — 25 patients with Fazekas stage 3. The control group consisted of 24 patients of the corresponding age category without MRI signs of CMA. Cognitive function was investigated using MoCA and additional tests to assess memory, executive function, attention, perception and praxis. Laboratory diagnostics included assessment of interleukin concentrations (IL), monocyte chemoattractant proteins (MCP-1/CCL2, MCP-2/CCL8, MCP-3/CCL-7, MCP-4/CCL13), macrophage inflammatory protein-1d (MIP-1d /CCL15), myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor — 1, (MPIF-1/CCL23) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Compared to the control group, patients in groups 1 and 2 showed more pronounced cognitive dysfunction, lacunar lesions, prevalence of hypertension and obesity, in the 2nd group of patients — prevalence of MRI — signs of CMA, decreased memory, perception and executive functions. Increased level of IL-16 in patients of both groups, higher concentrations of MCP-1/CCL2, MCP-2/CCL8, and MIP-1 d/CCL15, IL-6, IL-1b and TNFα were found in the 2nd group compared to the 1st and the control groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Progression of cerebral microangiopathy objectified by MRI data is accompanied by increasing cognitive deficit mainly in the mnestic and executive spheres. The results of the study allow us to consider increased IL-16 production as an indicator of CMA progression, and the expression of IL-1b, IL-6, TNFα, MCP-1/CCL2, MCP-2/ CCL8 and MIP-1d/CCL15 as biomarkers of athero- and angiogenesis in patients with severe cerebral microangiopathy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>церебральная микроангиопатия</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>STRIVE</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cerebral microangiopathy</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>STRIVE</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование было проведено в рамках Государственного задания FZWM-2024-0013.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was performed within the scope of the State assignment FZWM-2024-0013.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хрулев А.Е., Шиянова Н.А., Григорьева В.Н., Власов Г.Н., Козулина Л.С., Егорская А.Т. 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