r-n-jРоссийский неврологический журналRussian neurological journal2658-79472686-7192МИА10.30629/2658-7947-2024-29-5-13-22r-n-j-618Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSNeuro-POCUS и транскраниальная ультрасонография (история, основы и перспективы)Neuro-POCUS and transcranial ultrasound (history, basics and prospects)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0746-5826КрюковаИ. А.KriukovaI. A.

 Санкт-Петербург

Saint Petersburg

i_krukova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5904-1814ИоваА. С.IovaA. S.

Санкт-Петербург

Saint Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3493-1041ГузеваВ. И.GuzevaV. I.

Санкт-Петербург

Saint Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4676-2272ГармашовЮ. А.GarmashovYu. A.

Санкт-Петербург

Saint Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3639-4860ГузеваО. В.GuzevaO. V.

Санкт-Петербург

Saint Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8462-6079КрюковаТ. Е.KriukovaT. E.

Санкт-Петербург

Saint Petersburg

Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. МечниковаРоссияNorth-Western State Medical University named after I.I. MechnikovRussian FederationСеверо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова; Детский городской многопрофильный клинический специализированный центр высоких медицинских технологийРоссияNorth-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov; Children’s City Multidisciplinary Clinical Specialized Center of High Medical TechnologiesRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университетРоссияSaint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical UniversityRussian Federation2024060120252951322Copyright © Крюкова И.А., Иова А.С., Гузева В.И., Гармашов Ю.А., Гузева О.В., Крюкова Т.Е., 20252025Крюкова И.А., Иова А.С., Гузева В.И., Гармашов Ю.А., Гузева О.В., Крюкова Т.Е.Kriukova I.A., Iova A.S., Guzeva V.I., Garmashov Y.A., Guzeva O.V., Kriukova T.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/618

Neuro-POCUS (Point-of-Care Ultrasound in neurology, ультрасонография на месте оказания помощи при заболеваниях нервной системы) — это аббревиатура международного названия нового стратегического направления в нейромедицине. Оно предоставляет врачу-клиницисту уникальную возможность самому проводить нейросонологическое исследование во время осмотра пациента или проведения хирургических манипуляций. В отечественной литературе для такого подхода был предложен термин «клинико-сонографический осмотр». Особое значение это направление имеет в скрининг-диагностике, мониторинге и хирургической навигации при наиболее частых и опасных структурных внутричерепных изменениях (гематомах, опухолях, кистах, гидроцефалии и др.). Для разработки технологий Neuro-POCUS в 2022 году создана международная научная группа, согласно отчету которой оценка паренхимы головного мозга обсуждается в рамках мониторинга смещения срединной линии и ширины третьего желудочка и, в основном, с помощью транскраниальной кодированной цветом дуплексной сонографии. Анализ литературы и собственных 30-летних исследований позволяют считать, что оптимальным вариантом визуализации головного мозга в рамках Neuro-POCUS является транскраниальная ультрасонография в В-режиме. Обсуждаются история, основы и перспективы Neuro-POCUS.

Neuro-POCUS (Point-of-Care Ultrasound in neurology) is the international abbreviation for a new strategic direction in neuromedicine. It provides the clinician with a unique opportunity to perform neuroimaging themselves during patient examination or surgical manipulation to solve specific practical problems. In the domestic literature, the term «clinical-sonographic examination» was proposed for this approach. This direction is of particular importance in screening diagnosis, monitoring and surgical navigation in the most frequent and dangerous structural intracranial changes (hematomas, tumors, cysts, hydrocephalus, etc.). For the development of Neuro-POCUS technologies, an international scientific group was established in 2022, according to the report of which the assessment of brain parenchyma is discussed in the framework of monitoring midline shift and third ventricle width and mainly using transcranial color-coded duplex sonography. A review of the literature and our own 30 years of research suggest that B-mode transcranial ultrasonography is the optimal option for brain imaging within Neuro-POCUS. The history, foundations and prospects of Neuro-POCUS are discussed.

транскраниальная ультрасонографиятранскраниальная ультрасонография головного мозгатранскраниальная сонография в В-режиметранскраниальная цветовая дуплексная сонографияклинико-сонографический осмотрPOCUSNeuro-POCUSультрасонография «с головы до пят»transcranial ultrasonographytranscranial ultrasoundtranscranial brain ultrasoundtranscranial Bmode ultrasoundtranscranial color-coded duplex sonographyPOCUSNeuroPOCUS“head to toes” ultrasoundclinical-sonographic examinationReferencesValaikiene J., Schlachetzki F., Azevedo E., Kaps M., Lochner P., Katsanos A.H., Walter U., Baracchini C., Bartels Е., Skoloudik D. Point-of-Care ultrasound in neurology — report of the EAN SPN/ ESNCH/ERcNsono Neuro-POCUS Working Group. Ultraschall in Med. 2022;43:354–366. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1816-8548Valaikiene J., Schlachetzki F., Azevedo E., Kaps M., Lochner P., Katsanos A.H., Walter U., Baracchini C., Bartels Е., Skoloudik D. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.