r-n-jРоссийский неврологический журналRussian neurological journal2658-79472686-7192МИА10.30629/2658-7947-2024-29-3-16-23r-n-j-573Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSОптическая когерентная томография сетчатки как прогностический биомаркер прогрессирования рассеянного склерозаOptical coherence retinal tomography as a prognostic biomarker of multiple sclerosis progressionhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-4616-1157ЩукинаТ. В.ShchukinaT. V.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

stvladimirovna1993@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1848-8775БисагаГ. Н.BisagaG. N.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

bisaga_gn@almazovcentre.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2230-3750МалькоВ. А.MalkoV. A.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

malko_va@almazovcentre.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0175-3085ТопузоваМ. П.TopuzovaM. P.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

topuzova_mp@almazovcentre.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-8172-5374ТолочкоК. А.TolochkoK. A.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

christina.tolochko@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-0591-2836ДадацкийА. Ю.DadatskyA. Yu.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

sardok@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4441-1165АлексееваТ. М.AlekseevaT. M.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

alekseeva_tm@almazovcentre.ruНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр имени B. A. АлмaзoвaРоссияAlmazov National Medical Research CenterRussian Federation2024230720242931623Copyright © Щукина Т.В., Бисага Г.Н., Малько В.А., Топузова М.П., Толочко К.А., Дадацкий А.Ю., Алексеева Т.М., 20242024Щукина Т.В., Бисага Г.Н., Малько В.А., Топузова М.П., Толочко К.А., Дадацкий А.Ю., Алексеева Т.М.Shchukina T.V., Bisaga G.N., Malko V.A., Topuzova M.P., Tolochko K.A., Dadatsky A.Y., Alekseeva T.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/573

   Рассеянный склероз (РС) — аутоиммунное воспалительно-демиелинизирующее, нейродегенеративное инвалидизирующее заболевание центральной нервной системы мультифакториального генеза. В начальных стадиях ремиттирующего РС преобладает аутоиммунное воспаление с чередованием обострений и ремиссий, но в последующем развивается прогрессирующая нейродегенерация, которая лежит в основе стойкой инвалидизации больных. Переход ремиттирующего РС во вторично-прогрессирующую форму представляет собой критический фактор для долгосрочного прогноза и делает необходимым поиск точных биомаркеров, предикторов риска трансформации течения РС. Одним из таких маркеров являются толщина слоя нервных волокон и ганглиозных клеток, а также состояние микроциркуляторного русла сетчатки глаза, которые легко верифицируются с помощью оптической когерентной томографии (ОКТ) — неинвазивного метода, позволяющего проводить сегментацию сетчатки в аксиальной плоскости в режиме реального времени.

   Целью обзора является обсуждение результатов, достигнутых в изучении и применении ОКТ сетчатки как потенциального визуализационного биомаркера прогрессирования РС.

   Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune infl ammatory demyelinating neurodegenerative disabling disease of the central nervous system of multifactorial genesis. In the initial stages of remitting multiple sclerosis, autoimmune inflammation prevails with alternation of exacerbations and remissions, but, subsequently, progressive neurodegeneration develops, which underlies the persistent disability of patients. The transition of remitting multiple sclerosis into a secondary progressive form is a critical factor for long-term prognosis and makes it necessary to find accurate biomarkers, predictors of the risk of transformation of MS. One such marker is the thickness of the nerve fiber layer and ganglion cells, as well as the condition of the retinal microvasculature, which is easily verifi ed by optical coherence tomography (OCT), a non-invasive method that allows for real-time retinal segmentation in the axial plane.

   The aim of this review is to discuss the results achieved in the study and application OCT of the retina as a potential imaging biomarker of multiple sclerosis progression.

рассеянный склерозоптическая когерентная томография сетчаткинейродегенерациябиомаркеры прогрессирования рассеянного склерозаmultiple sclerosisoptical coherent retinal tomographyneurodegenerationbiomarkers of multiple sclerosis progressionДанное исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда «Разработка инновационной диагностически-прогностической модели прогрессирования нейродегенеративного процесса и оценки резервов нейропластичности при рассеянном склерозе с целью раннего применения персонифицированного терапевтического подхода», соглашение № 23-25-00419 от 12. 01. 2023 г., https://rscf.ru/ project/23-25-00419/This study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation “Development of an innovative diagnostic and prognostic model for the progression of the neurodegenerative process and assessment of neuroplasticity reserves in multiple sclerosis for the purpose of early application of a personalized therapeutic approach”, agreement No. 23-25-00419 dated 01/12/2023, https: //rscf.ru/project/23-25-00419/ReferencesKister I, Chamot E, Salter AR, Cutter GR, Bacon TE. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.