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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">r-n-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский неврологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian neurological journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-7947</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7192</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МИА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2658-7947-2020-25-1-43-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">r-n-j-54</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL RESEARCH AND SURVEILLANCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аудиологические методы исследования в диагностике послеоперационных нарушений когнитивных функций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Audiological Research Methods in the Diagnosis of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-2482</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полушин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polushin</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2453-523X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобошко</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boboshko</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9535-6063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарбарук</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garbaruk</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9573-7627</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожемякина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhemyakina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6313-5856</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полушин</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polushin</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University; Northwest State Medical University named after Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Полушин А.Ю., Бобошко М.Ю., Гарбарук Е.С., Кожемякина М.В., Полушин Ю.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Полушин А.Ю., Бобошко М.Ю., Гарбарук Е.С., Кожемякина М.В., Полушин Ю.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Polushin A.Y., Boboshko M.Y., Garbaruk E.S., Kozhemyakina M.V., Polushin Y.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/54">https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/54</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Потеря слуха может быть предиктором или своего рода катализатором когнитивных расстройств. Поэтому аудиологические методы исследования могут занять свое место в диагностике когнитивных нарушений или в оценке риска их появления.</p><p>Цель исследования — определить чувствительность и специфичность аудиологических методов для диагностики послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции (ПОКД).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследовании приняли участие 40 пациентов (17 женщин и 23 мужчины) в возрасте от 22 до 77 лет. Всем пациентам проводили плановые полостные операции или реконструктивные операции на сосудах нижних конечностей с использованием разных видов анестезии. До и после операции проводили нейропсихологическую оценку когнитивного статуса с использованием Монреальской шкалы оценки когнитивных функций (MoCA-тест) и аудиологическое обследование (отоскопия, тональная пороговая аудиометрия, речевые тесты).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При тональной пороговой аудиометрии у всех пациентов молодого возраста пороги слуха были в пределах нормы. У 11,8% пациентов среднего возраста и у 81,8% пожилых была выявлена периферическая тугоухость. Исходное снижение когнитивных функций по результатам МоСА-теста также чаще всего наблюдалось в группе пожилых пациентов. При этом ПОКД диагностирована у 63,6% пациентов пожилого возраста, 35,3% среднего возраста и 8,3% молодых. Результаты дооперационного речевого тестирования выявили выраженные признаки дефицита центральной обработки акустической информации у пациентов всех возрастных групп. У всех пациентов пожилого возраста имели место отклонения хотя бы в одном из речевых тестов, а у 63,6% пациентов — в обоих тестах (дихотическом, RuMatrix). Выявлена высокая чувствительность речевых тестов к оценке вероятности возникновения ПОНКФ: для дихотического теста чувствительность составила 85,7%, для теста RuMatrix 78,6%.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Речевые аудиологические тесты обладают высокой чувствительностью, что делает целесообразным их использование на этапе предоперационной диагностики. Выявление отклонений от нормы в обоих речевых тестах на дооперационном этапе может указывать на высокую вероятность развития ПОКД.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. faring loss may be a predictor or a kind of catalyst for cognitive disorders. This may indicate that audiological research methods can take their place in the diagnosis of cognitive impairments or in assessing the risk of their occurrence.</p><p>The aim is to determine the sensitivity and specificity of audiological methods for the diagnosis of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study involved 40 patients (17 women and 23 men) aged 22 to 77 years. All patients underwent planned abdominal surgery or reconstructive operations on the vessels of the lower extremities using different types of anesthesia. Before and after the operation, all patients underwent neuropsychological assessment of their cognitive status and audiological examination (otoscopy, tonal threshold audiometry, speech tests).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The hearing thresholds in a tonal audiometry in all young patients were within normal limits. Peripheral hearing loss was detected in 11,8% of middle-aged patients and 81,8% of the elderly. Initial cognitive impairment based on the results of the MoCA test was also most often observed in a group of elderly patients. POCD was diagnosed in 63,6% of elderly patients, 35,3% of middle-aged and 8,3% of young patients. The results of preoperative speech testing revealed pronounced signs of a deficit in central processing of acoustic information in patients of all age groups. In all elderly patients, there were deviations in at least one of the speech tests, and in 63,6% ofpatients — in both tests (dichotic, RuMatrix). The high sensitivity of speech tests to the assessment of the probability of occurrence of POCD was revealed: for the dichotic test, the sensitivity was 85,7%, for the RuMatrix test 78,6%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Speech audiological tests are highly sensitive, which makes it appropriate to use them at the stage of preoperative diagnosis. Identify deviations from the norm in both speech tests at the preoperative stage may indicate a high probability of development of POCD.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>тугоухость</kwd><kwd>аудиологические тесты</kwd><kwd>дихотический тест</kwd><kwd>RuMatrix</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>postoperative cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>hearing loss</kwd><kwd>audiological tests</kwd><kwd>dichotic test</kwd><kwd>RuMatrix</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания по теме «Разработка комплекса мер по профилактике послеоперационных когнитивных расстройств и делирия на основе изучения роли в их генезе нейровоспаления, обусловленного операцией и анестезией». 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