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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">r-n-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский неврологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian neurological journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-7947</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7192</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МИА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/26587947-2024-29-1-36-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">r-n-j-522</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL RESEARCHES AND CASE REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Показатели оценки когнитивного статуса, уровня тревоги и депрессии у пожилых пациентов женского пола с различной степенью выраженности старческой астении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment indexes of cognitive status, anxiety and depression in senior women with diff erent severity of frailty</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3978-8902</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кодинцев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kodintcev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antonkodintsev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7826-9657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Изможерова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Izmozherova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadezhda_izm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6216-2468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">art_popov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2478-727X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lar-volkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт высокотемпературной электрохимии Уральского отделения Российской академии наук; Поликлиника Института высокотемпературной электрохимии Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; The polyclinic of the Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт высокотемпературной электрохимии Уральского отделения Российской академии наук; Поликлиника Института высокотемпературной электрохимии Уральского отделения Российской академии наук; Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; The polyclinic of the Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Ural state medical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural state medical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кодинцев А.Н., Изможерова Н.В., Попов А.А., Волкова Л.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кодинцев А.Н., Изможерова Н.В., Попов А.А., Волкова Л.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kodintcev A.N., Izmozherova N.V., Popov A.A., Volkova L.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/522">https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/522</self-uri><abstract><p>Старческая астения (СА) — ключевой гериатрический синдром, характеризующийся возраст-ассоциированным снижением физиологического резерва и функций многих систем организма пожилого человека, приводящий к повышенной уязвимости и воздействию эндогенных и экзогенных факторов. Сочетание СА, когнитивных нарушений, тревоги и депрессии является значимым клиническим предиктором неблагоприятного прогноза.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Выявление и изучение взаимосвязи показателей оценки когнитивных нарушений, тревоги, депрессии и старческой астении у пациентов женского пола старше 60 лет, наблюдающихся амбулаторно.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включено 80 женщин старше 60 лет. Пациентки были разделены на 4 группы: без СА (10 чел.), со старческой преастенией (СпА) (44 чел.), с умеренной СА (20 чел.), с выраженной СА (6 чел.). Проведено комплексное клиническое обследование: краткая шкала оценки когнитивного статуса (КШОПС), монреальская шкала оценки когнитивных функций (МШОКФ), батарея тестов на лобную дисфункцию (БТЛД), тест фонетических ассоциаций, тест семантических ассоциаций, шкала тревоги Бека, гериатрическая шкала депрессии-15 (ГШД-15), опросник «Возраст не помеха», индекс старческой астении (ИСА).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Пациентки 4 групп значимо не различались по возрасту. Достоверных различий показателей шкал КШОПС и БТЛД, а также распространенности умеренных когнитивных нарушений (УКН) между группами выявлено не было. Более низкий балл по МШОКФ ассоциируется с более высокой вероятностью СА (отношение шансов (ОШ) = 0,78, 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ): 0,63–0,96, p = 0,016). 26 и менее баллов по МШОКФ обладают чувствительностью 69% и специфичностью 50% для определения высокого риска старческой астении относительно ИСА. Опросник «Возраст не помеха» обладает чувствительностью 86%, специфичностью 53% для диагностики СпА (1–2 балла) и чувствительностью — 69%, специфичностью — 87% для диагностики СА (≥ 3 балла) относительно ИСА. Комбинированная чувствительность показателей МШОКФ (≤ 26 баллов) и опросника «Возраст не помеха» (≥ 3 баллов) — 87%, комбинированная специфичность — 69%. Более высокий показатель шкалы тревоги Бека и ГШД-15 ассоциировался со СА (ОШ = 1,12; 95% ДИ: 1,02–1,22, p = 0,0134 и ОШ = 1,39; 95% ДИ: 1,05–1,84, p = 0,0201 соответственно). Высокий показатель шкалы тревоги Бека ассоциировался с УКН по МШОКФ (ОШ = 1,12; 95% ДИ: 1,04–1,2, p = 0,003). Артериальная гипертензия значимо чаще встречалась у пациенток со СА (χ2 = 4,23, p = 0,04).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У женщин старше 60 лет, наблюдающихся амбулаторно, не выявлено значимой взаимосвязи показателей шкал КШОПС, БТЛД и распространенности УКН с показателями оценки СА из-за недостаточной мощности исследования (&lt; 80%). Более низкий балл по МШОКФ (≤ 26) ассоциируется с большей степенью выраженности СА. Опросник «Возраст не помеха» является приемлемым скрининговым методом определения необходимости дополнительного гериатрического обследования у самостоятельно живущих женщин старше 60 лет. Более высокие показатели шкалы тревоги Бека, ГШД-15, ИМТ, наличие артериальной гипертензии и более низкий показатель МШОКФ ассоциированы с более высокими показателями ИСА и могут являться признаками развития старческой астении.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Frailty is a key geriatric syndrome characterized by an age-associated diminution of the physiological reserve and functions of many body systems leading to increased vulnerability of the elderly people to the eff ects of endo- and exogenous factors. The combination of frailty, cognitive impairment, anxiety and depression is a signifi cant clinical predictor for an unfavorable prognosis.</p><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. Identifi cation and study of the relationship of cognitive impairment, anxiety, depression and frailty assessment indexes in female patients over 60 years old, observed on an outpatient basis.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 80 women over 60 years old. All participants were divided into 4 groups: non-frail (10 women), pre-frail (44 women), mildly frail (20 women), more-frail (6 women). A comprehensive clinical examination was carried out: Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), frontal assessment battery (FAB), phonetic association test, semantic association test, Beck anxiety inventory, geriatric depression scale–15 (GDS-15), questionnaire “Age is no barrier”, Frailty index (FI, Hoover et al., 2013).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. All women in 4 groups did not signifi cantly diff er in age. There was no statistically signifi cant diff erence in the MMSE, FAB data and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) prevalence among the groups. Lower rates of MoCA scale were associated with higher probability of frailty (odds ratio (OR) = 0.78; 95 confi dence interval (CI) CI: 0.63–0.96, p = 0.016). The cut-off  level of 26 and lower according MoCA has sensitivity 69% and specifi city 50% to detect of high frailty risk (according FI). Questionnaire “Age is no barrier” has a sensitivity of 86% and a specifi city of 53% to detect prefrailty (score 1–2) and a sensitivity of 69% and a specifi city of 87% to detect the presence of frailty (score ≥ 3) regarding FI. Combined sensitivity of MoCA (≤ 26 score) and questionnaire “Age is no barrier” (≥ 3 score) of 78%, combined specifi city of 69%. Higher rates of Beck anxiety inventory and GDS-15 were associated with frailty (OR = 1.12; 95 CI: 1.02–1.22, p = 0.0134 and OR = 1.39; 95 CI: 1.05–1.84, p = 0.0201, respectively). A higher index of the Beck anxiety inventory was also associated with mild cognitive impairment according MoCA (OR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04–1.2, p = 0.003). Arterial hypertension was signifi cantly more common for women with FS (χ2 = 4.23, p = 0.04).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. There was no signifi cant association between MMSE, FAB, MCI prevalence and the severity of frailty in senior women due to the insuffi  cient study power (&lt; 80%). MoCA cut-off  ≤ 26 score is associated with higher burden of frailty. The questionnaire «Age is no barrier» is an acceptable screening method for determining the necessity of additional geriatric examination of independently living women over 60 years old. Higher rates of the Beck anxiety inventory, GDS-15, BMI, lower rates of MoCA scale and arterial hypertension are associated with high rates of FS and may be predictors for the frailty progression.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>старческая астения</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>умеренные когнитивное нарушения</kwd><kwd>деменция</kwd><kwd>тревога</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>frailty</kwd><kwd>cognitive disorders</kwd><kwd>mild cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>dementia</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Proietti M., Cesari M. Frailty: What Is It? Advances in experimental medicine and biology. 2020;1216:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33330-0_1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Proietti M., Cesari M. Frailty: What Is It? 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