r-n-jРоссийский неврологический журналRussian neurological journal2658-79472686-7192МИА10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-5-60-66r-n-j-485Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯCLINICAL RESEARCHES AND CASE REPORTSГлазная форма миастении и блефароспазм: сходства и различияOcular myasthenia gravis and blepharospasm: similarities and differenceshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8718-7266ЗаляловаЗ. А.ZalyalovaZ. A.

Казань.

Kazan.

z.zalyalova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2561-7456ХафизоваИ. Ф.KhafizovaI. F.

Хафизова Ирина Ф.,

Казань.

Khafizova Irina F.,

Kazan.

sclerdissem@mail.ruПоповаН. А.PopovaN. A.

Казань.

Kazan.

p_nathali@mail.ruКазанский государственный медицинский университет; Консультативно-диагностический центр экстрапирамидной патологии и ботулинотерапии Республики ТатарстанРоссияKazan State Medical University; Consulting and Diagnostic Center for Extrapyramidal Pathology and Botulinum Therapy of the Republic of TatarstanRussian FederationКазанский (Приволжский) федеральный университетРоссияKazan (Volga Region) Federal UniversityRussian FederationГородская клиническая больница № 7РоссияCity Clinical Hospital No. 7Russian Federation2023261120232856066Copyright © Залялова З.А., Хафизова И.Ф., Попова Н.А., 20232023Залялова З.А., Хафизова И.Ф., Попова Н.А.Zalyalova Z.A., Khafizova I.F., Popova N.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/485

Глазная форма миастении и блефароспазм — заболевания, вовлекающие в патологический процесс окологлазничную область. При обоих заболеваниях пациенты предъявляют жалобы на опускание век или непроизвольное закрывание глаз. В клинической картине и в том, и в другом случае могут наблюдаться частые моргания, ухудшение симптомов при ярком свете. Отличие состоит в том, что при блефароспазме это связано с насильственным сокращением круговой мышцы глаза, а при миастении с патологией нервно-мышечного синапса и слабостью экстраокулярных мышц. В статье приводятся клинические особенности обоих заболеваний и диагностические тесты, которые помогают в определении диагноза в клинически сложных случаях.

The ocular myasthenia gravis and blepharospasm are two diseases that can involve the periocular area in the pathological process. In both diseases, patients complain of closing their eyes. In both cases may be observed frequent blinking, worsening of symptoms in bright light. Blepharospasm associated with a violent contraction of the circular muscle of the eye, and myasthenia gravis related pathology of the neuromuscular synapse of the extraocular muscles. The article presents the clinical features of both diseases and diagnostic maneuvers that help in determining the diagnosis of the ocular myasthenia gravis and blepharospasm in clinically difficult cases.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.