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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">r-n-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский неврологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian neurological journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-7947</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7192</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МИА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-5-40-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">r-n-j-483</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL RESEARCHES AND CASE REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Маршрутизация, диагностика и лечение взрослых пациентов с невропатией лицевого нерва в условиях мегаполиса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Routing, diagnosis and treatment of adult patients with facial nerve neuropathy in the metropolis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1141-2919</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петриков</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrikov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6250-0762</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамалов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamalov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8572-7094</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Завалий</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zavaliy</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Завалий Леся Богдановна.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zavaliy Lesya B.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ZavaliyLB@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9337-624X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тыров</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyrov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">TyrovIA@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6708-5254</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корягин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koriagin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">KoryaginAN@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5275-2165</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомкин</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomkin</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">FomkinAG@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-9284</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куулар</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuular</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">KuularDV@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5553-338X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никулина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikulina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">NikulinaTA@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андриянова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andriyanova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">andriyanova09@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы; Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovskii Research Institute of Emergency Medical Care; A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт цереброваскулярной патологии и инсульта ФМБА России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovskii Research Institute of Emergency Medical Care<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Департамент здравоохранения города Москвы<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow Healthcare Department<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Department of Healthcare<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский центр инновационных технологий в здравоохранении<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow Center for Healthcare Innovations<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Петриков С.С., Шамалов Н.А., Завалий Л.Б., Тыров И.А., Корягин А.Н., Фомкин А.Г., Куулар Д.В., Никулина Т.А., Андриянова Е.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петриков С.С., Шамалов Н.А., Завалий Л.Б., Тыров И.А., Корягин А.Н., Фомкин А.Г., Куулар Д.В., Никулина Т.А., Андриянова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrikov S.S., Shamalov N.A., Zavaliy L.B., Tyrov I.A., Koriagin A.N., Fomkin A.G., Kuular D.V., Nikulina T.A., Andriyanova E.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/483">https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/483</self-uri><abstract><p>Разнообразие и рассогласованность предлагаемых методов диагностики и лечения пациентов с невропатией лицевого нерва (НЛН) могут вызывать трудности у неврологов в ежедневной работе.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: проанализировать порядок маршрутизации пациентов с НЛН, объемы диагностических исследований и лечебной помощи применительно к реальной клинической практике в учреждениях здравоохранения г. Москвы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Анализ данных системы Единой медицинской информационно-аналитической системы (ЕМИАС) амбулаторного и стационарного звена г. Москва по 7344 случаям первичного обращения пациентов с диагнозом НЛН за 2019–2021 гг.: группа 1 — идиопатическая НЛН (n = 4265), группа 2 — симптоматическая НЛН (n = 3079), с определением маршрутизации пациента, объема диагностики и лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В поликлиники пациенты группы 1 (61,6%) обращаются на 8-й [3; 20] день от дебюта симптомов, группы 2 — на 10-й день [3; 28,2]; в стационар госпитализируют 38,4% пациентов на 1-й [0; 3] из обеих групп. Клинический осмотр в системе ЕМИАС часто является фрагментарным, в основном указываются первичные проявления НЛН, такие как снижение силы мышц и лагофтальм. Лабораторная диагностика включает клинический анализ крови (8%), поиск вирусной или иной причины (в единичных случаях). Магнитно-резонансную томографию проводят в разных режимах и только в 1/4 случаев с контрастированием. Рекомендуют консультации оториноларинголога, офтальмолога; редко — врачей хирургических специальностей, специалиста ЛФК, психолога. Объем диагностических исследований при НЛН преобладает в стационаре. Перечень медикаментозной терапии варьирует от препаратов с доказательной базой до гомеопатических средств. В поликлинике 2/3 специалистов назначают преднизолон в соответствии с международными клиническими рекомендациями, в стационаре — половина специалистов, однако в каждом втором случае его назначение выходит за пределы «терапевтического окна» в связи с поздним обращением пациента. Наиболее часто применяют витамины группы В (32,5%), антихолинэстеразные средства (28,9%), тиоктовую кислоту (15,5%). Противовирусные препараты назначают 2% больным, мероприятия по уходу за глазом амбулаторно — менее 2%, в стационаре — 20%. Немедикаментозное лечение включает лечебную физкультуру (21,8%), физиолечение (14,2%) иглорефлексотерапию (6,4%), массаж лица (2,9%), пластырную коррекцию симметрии лица (1,9%).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявлены различия в подходах к диагностике, лечению и маршрутизации больных с НЛН. Проблема может быть решена путем разработки российских клинических рекомендаций, в том числе единого протокола клинического осмотра и лабораторно-инструментальной диагностики.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The diversity and inconsistency of the proposed tactics for diagnosing and treating patients with facial nerve neuropathy (FNN) can cause difficulties for neurologists in their daily routine work.</p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To analyze the routing of patients with FNN, the clinical practice of diagnostic studies and medical care in polyclinics and hospitals in Moscow.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Analysis of data from the EMIAS system from polyclinics and hospitals in Moscow based on 7344 cases of primary treatment of patients with a diagnosis of FNN for 2019–2021: Gr1 — idiopathic (n = 4265), Gr2 — symptomatic (n = 3079), with the definition of patient routing, volume of diagnosis and treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Gr1 patients visit the polyclinic (61.6%) on 8th [3; 20] day from the onset of symptoms, Gr2 — on 10th [3; 28.2]; to the hospital (38.4%) — on 1st [0; 3]. Clinical examination is variable, mainly the primary manifestations of FNN are indicated by the method of describing the deficiency. Laboratory diagnostics includes a clinical blood test (8%), the search for a viral or other cause (in isolated cases). Magnetic resonance imaging is done in different regimes (even in Gr1), only in 1/4 of cases with contrast. Recommended consultations of an otorhinolaryngologist, an ophthalmologist, rarely — doctors of surgical specialties, an exercise therapy doctor, a psychologist. The volume of diagnostics is greater in the hospital (p &lt; 0,001). The list of drug therapy varies from evidence-based drugs to homeopathic remedies. In the polyclinic, 2/3 of the specialists prescribe the dose of prednisolone in accordance with foreign clinical recommendations, in the hospital — 1/2 (x2 = 4,83; p = 0.028). However, every second case goes beyond the “therapeutic window” due to the late visit of the patient. The most commonly used vitamins of group B (32.5%), anticholinesterase drugs (28.9%), thioctic acid (15.5%). Antiviral drugs were prescribed in 2% of cases, in the polyclinic eye care measures — less than 2%, in the hospital — 20%. Non-drug treatment includes physical therapy (21.8%), physiotherapy (14.2%), acupuncture (6.4%), facial massage (2.9%), tape correction (1.9%).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Differences in approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and routing of patients with FNN were found. The problem can be solved by creating Russian clinical guidelines, including a unifi ed protocol for clinical examination, laboratory and instrumental diagnostics</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>невропатия лицевого нерва</kwd><kwd>паралич Белла</kwd><kwd>Единая медицинская информационно-аналитическая система</kwd><kwd>синкинезии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>facial nerve neuropathy</kwd><kwd>Bell’s palsy</kwd><kwd>Unifi ed medical information and analytical system</kwd><kwd>lagophthalmos</kwd><kwd>synkinesis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hamlet C., Williamson H., Hotton M., Rumsey N. Your face freezes and so does your life: A qualitative exploration of adults’ psychosocial experiences of living with acquired facial palsy. 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