r-n-jРоссийский неврологический журналRussian neurological journal2658-79472686-7192МИА10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-3-22-27r-n-j-428Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯCLINICAL RESEARCHES AND CASE REPORTSМагнитно-резонансная морфометрия объема головного мозга, медиальных отделов височных долей и гиппокампа у пациентов среднего возраста с доумеренным когнитивным снижениемMagnetic resonance morphometry of the brain volume, medial temporal lobes and hippocampus in middle-aged patients with premild cognitive declinehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3110-4764КоберскаяН. Н.KoberskayaN. N.

Москва

Moscow

koberskaya_n_n@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4741-1988ПерепеловВ. А.PerepelovV. A.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8683-4430СмирновД. С.SmirnovD. S.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6361-9113ГридинВ. Н.GridinV. N.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8255-5645ЯхноН. Н.YakhnoN. N.

Москва

Moscow

Первый МГМУ им. И. М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); Центр информационных технологий в проектировании РАНРоссияFirst Moscow State Medical University im. I. M. Sechenov (Sechenov University); Center for Information Technologies in Design of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationЦентр информационных технологий в проектировании РАНРоссияCenter for Information Technologies in Design of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2023190720232832227Copyright © Коберская Н.Н., Перепелов В.А., Смирнов Д.С., Гридин В.Н., Яхно Н.Н., 20232023Коберская Н.Н., Перепелов В.А., Смирнов Д.С., Гридин В.Н., Яхно Н.Н.Koberskaya N.N., Perepelov V.A., Smirnov D.S., Gridin V.N., Yakhno N.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/428

В настоящее время инструментальная визуализация головного мозга играет существенную роль в обследовании пациентов с когнитивными нарушениями. Она имеет важное значение в диагностическом процессе, формировании прогноза течения нейродегенеративных, цереброваскулярных и других заболеваний, уточнении роли отдельных структур и систем мозга в развитии когнитивных и других нервно-психических расстройств.

Цель исследования

Цель исследования: анализ объемов медиальных отделов височных долей (МОВД), гиппокампов и объема головного мозга у пациентов среднего возраста с ДУКС.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Обследованы 38 пациентов (33 женщины, 5 мужчин) среднего возраста (60,77 ± 9,4 года). Пациенты были разделены на две группы: с субъективным когнитивным снижением (СКС) – 15 пациентов в возрасте 53,5 ± 6,94 года и легким когнитивным снижением (ЛКС) – 23 человека в возрасте 63,35 ± 8,64 года (группы статистически не различались по возрасту). Всем пациентам проведены нейропсихологическое обследование с оценкой когнитивной сферы, магнитно-резнансная томография головного мозга, включающая оценку наличия и степени микроангиопатии (МАП), морфометрию МОВД, гиппокампов и объема головного мозга, исследование на наличие аллеля гена аполипротеина Е (АроЕ4).

Результаты

Результаты. Обнаружено снижение среднего и суммарного объема гиппокампов у пациентов с ЛКС по сравнению с пациентами с СКС. Также у пациентов с ЛКС достоверно чаще отмечалась МАП. Различий по степени атрофии МОВД не было. Выявлено снижение объема левого гиппокампа у пациентов с отягощенной наследственностью по деменции. Средний и суммарный объем гиппокампов снижен у носителей аллеля АроЕ4 гена аполипротеина. Корреляционный анализ показал связь среднего объема гиппокампов с объемом мозга.

Currently, instrumental brain imaging plays a significant role in the examination of patients with cognitive impairment. It is important for diagnostic process, prognosis of the course of neurodegenerative, cerebrovascular and other diseases, clarification of the role of individual brain structures and systems in the development of cognitive and other neuropsychiatric disorders.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the volumes of the medial temporal lobes (MTL), hippocampus and brain volume in middle-aged patients with pre-mild cognitive decline.

Material and methods

Material and methods. 38 patients (33 women, 5 men) of middle age (60.77 ± 9.4 years) were examined. Patients were divided into two groups: with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) – 15 patients, aged 53.5 ± 6.94 years and subtle cognitive decline (StCD) – 23 people aged 63.35 ± 8.64 years (groups statistically did not differ in age). All patients underwent a neuropsychological examination with an assessment of the cognitive sphere, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, including the assessment of the presence and degree of microangiopathy (MAP), morphometry of the medial temporal lobes, hippocampus, brain volume and a study for the presence of the allele of the apolyprotein E gene (ApoE4).

Results

Results. A decrease in the average and total hippocampal volume was found in patients with StCD compared to patients with SCD. Also, MAP was significantly more common in patients with StCD. There were no differences in the degree of MTL atrophy. A decrease in the volume of the left hippocampus was revealed in patients with aggravated heredity for dementia. The average and total volume of the hippocampus is reduced in carriers of the ApoE4 allele of the apolyprotein gene. Correlation analysis showed the relationship between the average volume of the hippocampus and the volume of the brain.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.