r-n-jРоссийский неврологический журналRussian neurological journal2658-79472686-7192МИА10.30629/2658-7947-2019-24-5-14-20r-n-j-31Research ArticleЛЕКЦИИ, ОБЗОРЫLECTURES/REVIEWSПричины болей в нижней части спиныCauses of lower back painhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1992-7960ПарфеновВ. А.ParfenovV. A.

Москва, 119091.

Moscow, 119091.

vladimirparfenov@mail.ruКафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияFirst Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical MedicineRussian Federation2019150120202451420Copyright © Парфенов В.А., 20202020Парфенов В.А.Parfenov V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/31

Боли в нижней части спины (БНЧС) представляют  одну из наиболее частых причин временной инвалидности. Анализируются  основные  причины  БНЧС: 1) неспецифическая  (скелетно-мышечная)  боль; 2) специфическая боль, вызванная «серьезной патологией» (опухоль, перелом, инфекция и др.); 3) компрессионная радикулопатия, поясничный стеноз. Неспецифические БНЧС встречаются наиболее часто (90–95% случаев), имеют благоприятное течение и могут быть вызваны грыжей межпозвонкового диска (с компрессией и без компрессии спинномозгового корешка), поражением фасеточных или крестцово-подвздошных суставов либо мышц спины (миофасциальный  синдром). Обсуждаются психосоциальные  факторы хронического течения БНЧС.

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common causes of temporary  disability.  The main causes of LBP are considered: 1) nonspecific (musculoskeletal) pain; 2) specific pain caused by a serious pathology (tumor, fracture, infection, etc.); 3) compressive  radiculopathy, lumbar stenosis. Non-specific LBP is most common (90-95% of cases). It has a favorable course and can be caused by a diskal hernia (with or without compression of the root of spinal nerve), damage to the facet joints or sacroiliac symphysis, as well as  muscles of the back (myofascial pain). Psychosocial characteristics of the chronic course of  LBP are also considered.

боли в нижней части спинынеспецифическая боль в нижней части спиныгрыжа межпозвонкового дискапоясничный стенозпоражение фасеточного суставапоражение крестцово-подвздошного суставапсихосоциальные факторы хронизации боли в спинеlower back painnonspecific lower back paindiskal hernialumbar stenosisfacet joint damagesacroiliac symphysispsychosocial characteristics of back pain chronicityReferencesGlobal Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015;386: 743–800.Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.