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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">r-n-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский неврологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian neurological journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-7947</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7192</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МИА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2658-7947-2022-27-2-43-52</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">r-n-j-296</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL RESEARCHES AND CASE REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Церебральная микроангиопатия по данным магнитно-резонансной томографии головного мозга у пациентов, находящихся на длительном программном гемодиализе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cerebral microangiopathy according to magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in patients undergoing longterm programmed hemodialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0169-3956</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хрулев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khrulev</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хрулев Алексей Евгеньевич – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры нервных болезней</p><p>Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey E. Khrulev – Cand. of Med. Sci., Associate Professor of the Department of Nervous Diseases</p><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexey_khrulev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8346-9354</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шиянова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shiyanova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nataliashiianova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6256-3429</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorieva</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vrgr@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4527-5203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власов</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasov</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grigoriivlasov3358@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7674-1732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козулина</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kоzulina</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ludmiko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1594-9572</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорская</surname><given-names>A. T.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorskaya</surname><given-names>A. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">egorskaya00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Нижегородской области «Нижегородская областная клиническая больница им. Н.А. Семашко»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.A. Semashko</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хрулев А.Е., Шиянова Н.А., Григорьева В.Н., Власов Г.Н., Козулина Л.С., Егорская A.T., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хрулев А.Е., Шиянова Н.А., Григорьева В.Н., Власов Г.Н., Козулина Л.С., Егорская A.T.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khrulev A.E., Shiyanova N.A., Grigorieva V.N., Vlasov G.N., Kоzulina L.S., Egorskaya A.T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/296">https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/296</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Церебральная микроангиопатия (ЦМА), являясь ведущей причиной развития сосудистых когнитивных нарушений и инсультов, имеет целый ряд причин, среди которых наименее изучены хроническая болезнь почек (ХБП) и программный гемодиализ (ПГД).</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: определить частоту встречаемости нейровизуализационных признаков ЦМА и факторы риска ее развития у пациентов с ХБП, длительное время получающих заместительную почечную терапию методом ПГД.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы: в исследовании приняли участие 70 пациентов, в течение 10 мес. и более находившиеся на ПГД. Проводились клинико-неврологическое и лабораторное обследование, а также магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ) головного мозга. Анализ нейровизуализационных признаков ЦМА проводился в соответствии с рекомендациями STRIVE. Количественная оценка общей выраженности МР-изменений, характерных для ЦМА, проводилась по шкале болезни церебральных малых сосудов (БЦМС) (Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Score).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среди 70 обследованных (29 мужчин и 41 женщина) в возрасте 53,0 ± 14,2 года и средним стажем гемодиализа 70,0 ± 39,5 мес. основными клиническими проявлениями ЦМА явились когнитивные нарушения (82,9%, n = 58), эмоциональные расстройства (61,4%, n = 43), расстройства сна (38,6%, n = 27), псевдобульбарный синдром (17,1%, n = 12), нарушения ходьбы (8,6%, n = 6), острые лакунарные синдромы (7,1%, n = 5) и нарушения тазовых функций (4,3%, n = 3). Нейровизуализационные признаки ЦМА различной степени выраженности встречались в 100% случаев. В структуре МР-признаков ЦМА превалировали расширение периваскулярных пространств (ПВП) (100%, n = 70) и гиперинтенсивность белого вещества (ГИБВ) (81,4%, n = 57). Несколько реже встречались кортикальная атрофия (67%, n = 47), церебральные микрокровоизлияния (47%, n = 33), асимптомные лакуны (35,7%, n = 25) и малые субкортикальные инфаркты (2,9%, n = 3). Легкая ЦМА (1–2 балла по шкале БЦМС) определялась у 38 пациентов (54,3%), тяжелая ЦМА (3–4 балла по шкале БЦМС) – у 32 больных (45,7%). Прогностическую значимость для развития тяжелой ЦМА у диализных пациентов имели наличие неконтролируемой артериальной гипертензии (ОШ 1,85, p &lt; 0,05), интрадиализной гипертонии (ОШ 2,8, p &lt; 0,05), диализной вегетативной полиневропатии (ОШ 2,75, p &lt; 0,05), сахарного диабета 2-го типа (ОШ 5,7, p &lt; 0,05) и стаж ПГД более 50 мес. (ОШ 3,1, p &lt; 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Всем пациентам с терминальной стадией ХБП, длительное время находящимся на ПГД, показано проведение МРТ головного мозга с целью своевременной диагностики признаков ЦМА и возможной коррекции терапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Cerebral microangiopathy (CMA), being the leading cause of vascular cognitive impairment and strokes, has a number of causes, among which chronic kidney disease (CKD) and programmed hemodialysis (HD) are the least studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study: to determine the frequency of CMA neuroimaging markers and risk factors for its development in patients receiving renal replacement therapy for a long time using the programmed HD.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods: the study involved 70 patients who had been on programmed HD for 10 months or more. Clinical neurological examination, laboratory tests and brain MRI were performed. The analysis of CMA neuroimaging markers was carried out in accordance with the STRIVE recommendations. Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Score (CSVDS) was used to quantify the overall severity of MR imaging markers of CMA.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Among 70 examined (29 men and 41 women) aged 53.0 ± 14.2 years, average HD experience – 70.0 ± 39.5 months, the main clinical manifestations of CMA were cognitive impairment (82.9%, n = 58), emotional disorders (61.4%, n = 43), sleep disorders (38.6%, n = 27), pseudobulbar syndrome (17.1%, n = 12), walking disorders (8.6%, n = 6), acute lacunar syndromes (7.1%, n = 5) and pelvic dysfunction (4.3%, n = 3). CMA neuroimaging markers of varying severity were found in 100% of cases. Expansion of perivascular spaces (100%, n = 70) and white matter hyperintensities (81.4%, n = 57) prevailed in the structure of CMA imaging markers. Cortical atrophy (67%, n = 47), cerebral microbleeds (47%, n = 33), asymptomatic lacunae (35.7%, n = 25) and minor subcortical infarctions (2.9%, n = 3) were less common. Mild CMA (1–2 points on the CSVDS scale) was determined in 38 patients (54.3%), severe CMA (3–4 points on the CSVDS scale) – in 32 patients (45.7%). The presence of uncontrolled arterial hypertension (OR 1.85, p &lt; 0.05), intradialysis hypertension (OR 2.8, p &lt; 0.05), dialysis vegetative polyneuropathies (OR 2.75, p &lt; 0.05), type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR 5.7, p &lt; 0.05) and the experience of programmed HD (more than 50 months) (OR 3.1, p &lt; 0.05) were prognostic signifi cance for the development of severe CMA in dialysis patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. All patients with end-stage CKD who have been on programmed HD for a long time are shown to undergo the brain MRI in order to timely diagnose CMA imaging markers and possible correction of therapy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>церебральная микроангиопатия</kwd><kwd>ХБП</kwd><kwd>программный гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>STRIVE</kwd><kwd>шкала оценки болезни церебральных малых сосудов</kwd><kwd>CSVDS</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cerebral microangiopathy</kwd><kwd>CKD</kwd><kwd>programmed hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>HD</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>STRIVE</kwd><kwd>Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Score</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гнедовская Е.В., Добрынина Л.А., Кротенкова М.В., Сергеева А.Н. МРТ в оценке прогрессирования церебральной микроангиопатии. 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