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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">r-n-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский неврологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian neurological journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-7947</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7192</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МИА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2658-7947-2021-26-1-34-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">r-n-j-150</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL RESEARCHES AND CASE REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хорея без хореи, или Психические расстройства в дебюте болезни Гентингтона</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chorea without chorea or mental disorders as a mask of Huntington’s disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2657-155X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривоножкина</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivonozhkina</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волгоград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Volgograd</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polina.krivonozhkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8223-8888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черная</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernaya</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волгоград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Volgograd</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chernaya_05@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-838X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирошникова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miroshnikova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волгоград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Volgograd</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marenich1962@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1813-2362</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаренко</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarenko</surname><given-names>Ye. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волгоград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Volgograd</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.makarenko777@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-649X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ансаров</surname><given-names>Х. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ansarov</surname><given-names>Kh. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волгоград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Volgograd</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.ansarov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6286-0485</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьева</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyova</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волгоград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Volgograd</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuliyalezina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ ВО «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Institution of Higher Education The Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кривоножкина П.С., Черная Н.А., Мирошникова В.В., Макаренко Е.П., Ансаров Х.Ш., Воробьева Ю.С., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кривоножкина П.С., Черная Н.А., Мирошникова В.В., Макаренко Е.П., Ансаров Х.Ш., Воробьева Ю.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krivonozhkina P.S., Chernaya N.A., Miroshnikova V.V., Makarenko Y.P., Ansarov K.S., Vorobyova Y.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/150">https://www.r-n-j.com/jour/article/view/150</self-uri><abstract><p>Болезнь Гентингтона (БГ) относится к орфанным заболеваниям с частотой встречаемости в среднем 5,5 случая на 100 000 населения. Она характеризуется высокой степенью пенетрантности, клинической гетерогенностью, манифестацией в разные возрастные периоды. Заболевание передается аутосомно-доминантным путем, не имеет гендерных различий, неуклонно прогрессирует и приводит в итоге к тяжелой инвалидизации. Клиническая картина БГ имеет патогномоничное сочетание неврологических (экстрапирамидных) и нейропсихиатрических расстройств. При появлении психических нарушений, особенно деменции, диагноз БГ становится очевидным. Однако если расстройства в психической сфере, включающие раздражительность, вспыльчивость, апатию, абулию, бред, галлюцинации, нарушение памяти, внимания, оказываются дебютом заболевания, то они в значительной мере маскируют клиническую картину. В таких случаях пациентам ставятся ошибочные диагнозы: психопатия, шизофрения, биполярное расстройство, болезнь Альцгеймера и другие. Возникновение нейропсихиатрических расстройств в дебюте заболевания, особенно у лиц молодого возраста, должно насторожить в плане исключения БГ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Huntington’s disease (HD) is an orphan disease with an average incidence of 5.5 cases per 100 000 population. It is characterized by a high degree of penetrance, variable expressivity, manifestation in different age periods. This disorder, transmitted in an autosomal dominant way, does not have gender differences. The disease often progresses slowly but steadily over many years, eventually leading to severe disability. The clinical picture of this disease has a pathognomonic combination of neurological (extrapyramidal) and neuropsychiatric disorders. With the addition of mental disorders, especially dementia, the diagnosis of HD becomes more likely and obvious. However, if disorders in the mental sphere, including irritability, irascibility, apathy, abulia, delirium, hallucinations, impaired memory and attention, become the debut of the disease, then they largely mask clinical picture. In such cases, patients are hastily made other diagnoses: psychopathy, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, and others. You should be wary of the possible secondary nature of neuropsychiatric disorders in patients, especially young patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Гентингтона</kwd><kwd>нейропсихиатрические расстройства</kwd><kwd>гиперкинетические нарушения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Huntington’s disease</kwd><kwd>neuropsychiatric disorders</kwd><kwd>hyperkinetic disorders</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu Z., Joel Tito A., Rui Y.N., Sheng Zhang. 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